Il presidente francese Sarkozy si mobilita per spezzare gli scioperi contro le misure, d’austerità, Alex Lantier / Come la polizia ha spezzato l’occupazione dei depositi petroliferi di Marsiglia, Anthony Torres
● Il ricorso dello Stato francese alla repressione manifesta la crescente consapevolezza della classe dominante francese di essere di fronte ad una seria sfida politica;
o un editoriale su Le Monde 21.10.2010 (Noblecourt): “Nella storia delle mobilitazioni sociali degli ultimi 15 anni, la contestazione sindacale della riforma pensionistica di Nicolas Sarkozy è senza precedenti. […]
– Noblecourt: Al di là della discussione sulle cifre, il fatto che l’intersindacale CGT-CFDT-CFTC-CFE/CGC-UNSA-FSU-Solidaires, a cui si è aggiunta FO, sia riuscita a far sfilare, a tre giorni dalla precedente manifestazione del 16 ottobre, diversi milioni di persone … dimostra che il movimento non si sta smorzando” come dichiarato dal primo ministro Fillon.
o Finora i sindacati sono riusciti a preservare … , malgrado evidenti divergenze sulla riforma pensionistica stessa … un’unità inedita,
o – ha abbandonato solo il presidente di CFE-CGC (quadri)
o … e soprattutto godono del sostegno dell’opinione, da un sondaggio pubblicato il 20 ott. il 59% dei francesi è favorevole a che il sindacato chiami a continuare scioperi e manifestazioni anche dopo l’approvazione parlamentare della riforma; il 65% disapprovano la irremovibilità di Sarkozy, di fronte alla contestazione.
o “Ma l’uscita dalla crisi si preannuncia difficile. La giornata di lotta del 19 ottobre doveva essere per diversi leader sindacali qualcosa come un tentativo per salvare l’onore prima del voto …
o l’ingresso inatteso del movimento degli studenti e il blocco rinnovabile delle raffinerie – dove la CGT dei chimica, ostile a Bernard Thibault, guida la danza, con voti a scrutinio segreto … hanno portato ad una radicalizzazione crescente che complica fortemente l’uscita …
o con Sarkozy che non apre ai sindacati … , un’intransigenza che secondo i sindacati alimenta la radicalizzazione mentre il presidente della Confindustria francese si augura che “il clima si calmi il più velocemente possibile”.
– Dal movimento di sciopero emerge il rifiuto dei sindacati di rispondere alla repressione poliziesca contro le occupazioni e i picchetti, e questo rafforza il governo e rischia di isolare e vittimizzare gli scioperanti, in particolare quelli del settore petrolifero.
o A Donges il sindacato ha aiutato la polizia a riprendersi la raffineria; hanno dato indicazione ai lavoratori di cedere e lasciar passare la polizia, nonostante fossero 400-500 e nonostante fossero giunti rinforzi all’occupazione da tutta la regione, alla notizia tramite internet che sarebbe stata mandata la polizia contro i lavoratori;
● Sarkozy ha inviato poliziotti anti-sommossa e unità del servizio civile per disperdere i picchetti e far cessare le occupazioni dei depositi petroliferi, nel tentativo di spezzare gli scioperi contro le misure d’austerità, comprendenti una riforma pensionistica.
o Dal 7 settembre sono state organizzate 6 giornate di protesta nazionali,
o è continuato lo sciopero in diversi settori industriali, compresi porti, depositi, raffinerie e nei trasporti su gomma, che hanno provocato forti carenze di benzina in tutta la Francia.
● Il 15 ottobre inviati (circa una decina di autobus di) poliziotti anti-sommossa per sbloccare il deposito petrolifero di Fos-sur-Mer, vicino a Marsiglia, occupato dai lavoratori; la CGT ha chiesto ai lavoratori di non fare resistenza alla polizia.
o Il giorno precedente (14 ottobre) i sindacati CGT, CFDT e FO avevano chiamato ad un picchetto di massa per bloccare il deposito di Fos; al blocco avevano partecipato oltre ai portuali, i lavoratori di ferrovie raffineria, meccanica e i dipendenti dell’amministrazione locale.
o I depositi petroliferi nei pressi di Marsiglia sono d’importanza strategica per le scorte di benzina, diesel, metanolo, combustibile domestico e pesante;
o si trovano al centro di una rete di oleodotti di oltre 3000km. che riforniscono le raffinerie francesi di Feyzin (Lione), la tedesca MIRO (Karlsruhe), la svizzera Petroplus (Cressier), e gli oleodotti che assicurano la fornitura dei depositi strategici dello Stato francese.
o La scarsità di benzina comincia a farsi sentire in Francia (il 20 ottobre 4000 le pompe di benzina vuote su 12 311; il 21 3 190 temporaneamente vuote e 1 700 prive di diesel e benzina, dati ministro Energia e Ambiente, Borloo);
o ci sono difficoltà di rifornimenti anche per Svizzera e Germania; la minaccia di paralisi all’economia francese ed europea è una delle principali armi in mano ai lavoratori contro gli attacchi della borghesia,
– MA i sindacati non avevano intenzione di mantenere il controllo delle aree strategiche occupate dai lavoratori – il segretario CGT, Thibault ha ribadito più volte che non intende bloccare l’economia francese –
o per cui a Fos sono bastati circa 10 autobus di poliziotti, per rimuovere i picchetti.
– La notte del 19-20 ottobre la polizia ha spezzato le occupazioni di 3 depositi petroliferi nella Francia occidentale, a Donges, Le Mans e La Rochelle.
– Nonostante la repressione, il 20 si sono diffusi gli scioperi nel settore energia:
o in sciopero tutte le 12 raffinerie francesi, e i due maggiori terminal di metano, Fos-Tonkin e Montoir-de-Bretagne;
o sciopero dei lavoratori di Electricité de France, con riduzione della produzione di 2000 MW;
o continuano gli scioperi nei trasporti, decine di autostrade bloccate, scioperi nelle ferrovie ed aeroporti; fermi 1/3 dei treni ad alta velocità.
o parzialmente bloccato dai manifestanti l’accesso agli aeroporti di Roissy e Orly (Parigi), e degli aeroporti di Tolosa, Nantes e Clermont-Ferrand.
o Continua, soprattutto nel Sud Francia, lo sciopero dei dipendenti comunali;
o a Marsiglia l’amministrazione ha mobilitato il servizio civile per la raccolta dei rifiuti.
– Il 20 bloccate 600 scuole e 6 università; 4 università sono state chiuse dalle loro amministrazioni, per motivi di “sicurezza”.
A Lione scontro tra polizia e 1300 giovani, chiuso metro e rete trasporti municipali.
Published by the International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI)
French President Sarkozy moves to break strikes against austerity measures
– President Nicolas Sarkozy promised to break strikes against his government’s pension cuts and social austerity policies yesterday, sending riot police and army civil service units to disperse picket lines and end oil depot occupations.
– Workers and students have mounted mass strikes for more than a week while debate in the Senate has continued over provisions of the pension “reform” bill. A final vote on the bill is expected by early next week.
The government is pressing ahead with its cuts, defying overwhelming popular opposition to the austerity measures and support for strike action against them.
– There have been six one-day national protests since September 7 and strike action has continued in a number of industrial sectors, including at ports, oil depots and refineries, and in trucking, resulting in severe gasoline shortages across the country.
– Nonetheless, Prime Minister François Fillon told the National Assembly: “This reform will be a law of the Republic in a few days… The current reform is neither a right-wing nor a left-wing measure, but common sense.”
– Sarkozy issued a statement after a Council of Ministers meeting yesterday morning, announcing that he had ordered police to break the blockades of “the totality of depots” so as to “reestablish a normal situation as soon as possible.” Noting that “supply problems [had] affected some gas stations,” Sarkozy denounced “disorders that seek to paralyze the country.” The same day, his disapproval ratings hit a new high of 69 percent.
– On the night of October 19-20, riot police broke the occupations of three oil depots in western France, a region that has been hard hit by fuel shortages. The police attacked depots in Donges, Le Mans, and La Rochelle.
– Interior Minister Brice Hortefeux vowed that police forces would “unblock the refineries as much as necessary.” However, figures cited by Energy and Ecology Minister Jean-Louis Borloo suggested that gasoline shortages were continuing to spread.
– Yesterday, Borloo said that 4,000 of France’s 12,311 gas stations were out of fuel. Today, he told the National Assembly that 3,190 stations were “temporarily empty” and 1,700 had run out of either diesel or gasoline. The national federation of bus companies warned that they might reduce their operations starting Saturday.
– State threats have not intimidated the workers. Strikes spread across the energy sector yesterday, with all 12 of France’s refineries on strike as well as the country’s two largest methane terminals, at Fos-Tonkin and Montoir-de-Bretagne.
– Strikers at state electricity firm Electricité de France reduced electricity production by 2,000 megawatts, turning off power to public lighting and city offices in municipalities held by Sarkozy’s UMP (Union[e] for a Popular Movement) party, as well as at regional police headquarters.
– Strikes also continued in the transport sector, with dozens of highway blockades reported as well as strikes on railways and at airports. The SNCF national rail system reported that a third of high-speed trains were not running.
– Demonstrators partially blocked access to Roissy and Orly airports around Paris, as well as to airports in Toulouse, Nantes, and Clermont-Ferrand.
– Municipal workers, including cafeteria, child care, and garbage workers, are also continuing to strike, especially in southern France. In Marseille, city authorities mobilized army civil service units wearing white overalls to collect garbage.
– Agence France-Presse dispatches quoted Marseille inhabitants denouncing the move. One said: “To send in the army to clear up the government’s mess, that’s appalling.” Another added that it was a “way to break the movement.”
– Six hundred high schools were blockaded Wednesday, according to figures published by student unions, as well as six universities. Four universities (Rennes-2, Lyon-2, Montpellier-3 and Toulouse-2) were closed by their administrations, citing security concerns.
– Interior Minister Hortefeux traveled yesterday to Lyon, where police clashed with 1,300 youth (according to police estimates) in large sections of the downtown on Monday. He denounced demonstrators as “breakers, looters, and shooters,” adding, “France belongs to honest people who want to work peaceably.”
– Lyon city authorities closed down the subway and municipal transport networks to prevent suburban youth from traveling into the city to protest Hortefeux’s visit. Nonetheless, youth in the downtown area greeted Hortefeux with cries of “racist,” “fascist,” and “You’re not welcome here.” Three were arrested.
Lyon’s Socialist Party mayor, Gérard Collomb, issued a statement criticizing Hortefeux for not discussing police operations with him. Stressing the support he and the municipal police had given to the government, he said: “The interior minister has decided to come to Lyon, for what I thought was a crisis meeting. It is unfortunate that the minister decided to turn it into a public relations operation.”
– Underlying the state’s increasing use of repression is the growing awareness within the French ruling class that it faces a serious political challenge. Jérôme Ste. Marie of polling firm CSA told the New York Times: “We are in a situation where government and the unions are losing control, and if something serious happens it will both weaken the unions and be a catastrophe for the government.”
– Columnist Michel Noblecourt wrote yesterday in Le Monde: “Running out of steam is not on the program [of the demonstrations]… exiting from the crisis is difficult.” He added that union[e] leaders had previously described the October 19 day of action as a “last gallant fight purely for purposes of honor,” before the cuts passed. However, these plans were thwarted by “radicalization,” that is, by “the unexpected mobilization of high school students and industrial action in the refineries.”
– Noblecourt’s statement bluntly lays out the calculations of the ruling class. Having banked on the ability of the trade unions to limit public opposition to one-day protests and isolated strikes, France’s political establishment was taken by surprise by the scale of the militant and determined resistance of workers and youth and the impact of workers’ industrial action against key sectors of the economy.
– He concludes by listing factors he thinks might cause “public support [for the strikes] to progressively dissolve.” These include union[e] leaders speaking against strikes, unhappiness at a gasoline shortage during next week’s Toussaint holidays, and public fright at violence during high school protests.
– The central issue that is rapidly emerging in the strikes against Sarkozy’s austerity program is the refusal of the unions to respond to the use of police repression to break occupations and attack picket lines. This strengthens the hand of the government and weakens the mass movement against the cuts. It leaves strikers, notably the oil workers, vulnerable to being isolated and victimized.
– The unions refuse to respond to the state attacks by expanding the strike movement because this would encourage the development of a general strike, which would pose the question of power—the need to bring down Sarkozy and replace him with a workers’ government based on socialist policies. The trade union[e] bureaucracy is implacably opposed to any challenge to the state and the corporate-financial elite in whose behalf the government rules.
– The union[e] leadership, in turn, relies on its allies in the official “left”—the Socialist Party and the Communist Party—and the so-called “far left”—principally the Pabloite New Anti-Capitalist Party (NPA)—to cover up for its treachery and prevent workers from breaking free of the grip of the union[e] apparatus.
– The treacherous role of the union[e] leadership is indicated by accounts of the riot police’s occupation of the Donges oil depot yesterday, where the unions intervened to help the police retake the plant.
– CFDT member Eric Cristel told the Journal du Dimanche : “Around 3:30 AM, workers from the French Corporation of Donges-Metz (SFDM) joined us in support [of our occupation]. But around 4:30 AM, police forces arrived to expel us. At that time, the unions intervened to prevent any clashes. They told us to back down and let the police through. We were 400, even 500 people, on the site.”
– Workers from around the region had arrived to defend the plant because of reports posted online the previous evening that the police would move against workers at Donges.
– One worker commented on Nantes-Indymedia: “One doesn’t understand why the RG [General Information, the intelligence services] would warn union[e] officials of a police operation… This episode forces us to consider the very great poverty of French trade unionism, which has been incapable of producing viable alternatives to the historically regressive and neo-fascistic plans of Sarkozy, or of organizing the operational unity of the magnificent mobilization of youth and workers to defend pensions.”
Another commented that there was “a feeling of total unpreparedness [and] the desire on the part of the union[e] leaderships (even at lower levels) not to rely too much on those who are struggling.” He added, “It’s at times like these that one feels all the vacuity of the ‘far left.’”
– The unions and the “left” are increasingly promoting the notion that workers should wait for a future Socialist Party government to modify the pension law. In a statement yesterday, CGT (General Confederation of Labor) chief Bernard Thibault suggested that he did not view the passage of the cuts as a major political issue: “When a bill is passed, it’s not the end of the world.” He added, “What one law does another law can undo.”
This statement foreshadows a crass sellout of the strikes. As the record of the French Socialist Party and other European social democratic parties makes clear, the Socialist Party would not make significant modifications in Sarkozy’s cuts even if it did return to office in 2012.
– Asked about a possible alliance with the Socialist Party, Olivier Besancenot of the New Anti-capitalist Party told Le Monde: “There are two great political orientations on the left: one of them accepts the market economy, the other wants to escape from it. These two orientations are not compatible within one same government, but our forces may add up to resist the right, as in the pensions struggle.”
Besancenot’s statement is a pile of absurdities. It is impossible to be on the “left” and accept the free market economy. Besancenot suggests this only to advocate an alliance with the pro-free market Socialist Party. As for the claim that the NPA will “add up” its forces with the Socialist Party to resist pension cuts, this means not criticizing Socialist Party officials like Lyon Mayor Collomb, who deploy riot police against demonstrators, and opposing the independent mobilization of the working class against the Sarkozy government.
The World Socialist Web Site urges workers to organize committees of action independent of the unions and the existing parties in order to fight for a general strike to bring down the Sarkozy government and replace it with a workers’ government.
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How riot police broke the occupation of the Marseille oil depots
– The French government gave the order Friday morning, October 15, to send in the CRS riot police to unblock the Fos oil depot occupied by workers near Marseille in southern France. The workers were blocking the site to protest against President Nicolas Sarkozy’s pension cuts and the partial privatisation of the French ports. The CGT (General Confederation of Labour) called upon workers not to show any resistance to the police.
The WSWS contacted two representatives of the local branches of the CGT in Martigues and Fos-sur-Mer to obtain more information.
– The day before the police intervention, the unions had called for a mass picket to block the Fos-sur-Mer oil storage site. The unions present were the CGT, the CFDT (French Democratic Labour Federation) and Force ouvrière (Workers Power). In addition to port workers, rail, refinery, engineering and local government workers were also present.
– The oil depots near Marseille are highly strategic installations for the storage of products such as high grade gasoline, diesel, methanol, domestic fuel and heavy fuel. Six million cubic meters of oil have been delivered here by tankers every year since 1969, or by pipeline from the nearby Berre l’Etang refineries.
The gasoline is stored in 40 very widely dispersed vats in order to avoid a general conflagration in case of an accident. It is then distributed by truck, train, sea as well as by pipeline.
– The Marseille oil depot is at the heart of a network of more than 3,000 kilometres of oil pipelines that feed French refineries in Feyzin, near Lyon, the German MIRO refinery at Karlsruhe, the Swiss Petroplus refinery at Cressier, as well as the pipelines that ensure the supply of the French state’s strategic stocks.
– According to trade union[e] witnesses, information in the press—according to which 50 busloads of riot police were sent to unblock the Fos-sur-Mer site—is false. The security forces were, in fact, less numerous during the intervention at the site, which at that time was for all practical purposes no longer occupied by the CGT.
According to the Martigues CGT representative, “After the day of action to block the depot, the CGT left the site, and there were only 15 people left behind to do as they pleased”.
The Fos-sur-Mer union[e] branch representative said, “Fifty buses, that’s absurd. When I passed by an hour and a half after the CRS intervention there were only some 10 buses”.
– The CRS did not need to intervene with force because there was no desire on the part of the CGT and the other unions to keep control over this strategic site to fight the government’s attacks on the social gains of the working class. This was confirmed by the CGT representative at Martigue: “The aim of the blockage of the depot was not to hold it ad vitam aeternam [for all time]”.
– This is a remarkable statement. The shortage of gasoline is beginning to make itself felt throughout the country, and that also poses problems for the oil supply of other countries like Switzerland and Germany. The threat of the paralysis of the French and European economy is one of the principal weapons of workers in the fight against the social attacks in France and across Europe.
– Nevertheless, the CGT does not make the issue of the occupation of an important oil storage site a strategic question for the working class. It gives the impression of being combative, but that is not the case. In fact, the CGT general secretary, Bernard Thibault, has insisted on several occasions that he does not want to block the French economy, and that he is simply looking to renegotiate the attacks on pensions and jobs being carried out by Sarkozy.
– On the other hand, the occupation of a factory is an open challenge thrown down to the employers. The CGT works to prevent this from happening because it has no interest in workers engaging in a political conflict with the government. That is why the CGT abandoned the workers occupying the DPF, abandoning an important site to the CRS.
The two CGT representatives did not have the same view as to whether there was an attempt to mobilize the workers from the surrounding neighbourhoods after the CRS intervention. The Fos-sur-Mer representative said, “Yes, of course, the CGT, before and after the mobilisations, has been trying to mobilise all workers”.
The Martigues CGT representative explained that there was no need to mobilise workers, that it was not necessary to dwell on the CRS intervention. Commenting on the demands by the CGT following the CRS intervention, he said, “Things remain the same, the fight for an alternative reform, jobs and wages; the mobilisations will not stop after the vote on the pension reform in the Senate”.
– He bases his argument on the experience of the CPE (First Job Contract for youth) in 2006. Dominique de Villepin, prime minister at the time, had passed the law on the CPE that gave young workers no job security.
– With the support of Nicolas Sarkozy, the unions got the CPE withdrawn. The unions and the “left” parties, including the LCR (Ligue communiste révolutionnaire/Revolutionary Communist League), saw this as an important victory for workers. And yet, this was a partial victory that rapidly gave way to a defeat: Sarkozy benefited in part from the prestige of this victory, helping him to become president in 2007, and to accelerate the attacks on the working class.
When the trade unionist says that the CGT is fighting for an alternative reform, this signifies that the CGT agrees with the principle of a government attack on pensions, but disagrees on certain details—such as the question of onerous working conditions, used to divide the working class by according privileges to certain layers of workers.
– The CGT, favouring a new pension reform, is signalling that it does not want to lead an independent political struggle of workers to defend their social gains. The blocking of factories and demonstrations will not be effective if the working class remains within the narrow perspective imposed by the unions, which defend the established order.
That is why the WSWS calls for the creation of committees of action and the defence of social gains, which will enable the extension of the industrial struggle, basing it on a political perspective that is socialist and internationalist. Contrary to the strategy proposed by the CGT, workers should create rank-and-file committees in the workplaces and neighbourhoods, and prepare to occupy the factories. As the state’s decision to break the occupation at the oil depots has demonstrated, the intensification of social struggles confronts the working class with a political fight to bring down the Sarkozy government and replace it with a workers government based on a socialist program.
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Analyse – Syndicats : la radicalisation complique la sortie de crise
LEMONDE | 20.10.10 | 13h59 • Mis à jour le 20.10.10 | 13h59
– Du jamais-vu ! Dans l’histoire des mobilisations sociales des quinze dernières années, la contestation syndicale de la réforme des retraites de Nicolas Sarkozy est sans précédent. Jamais, en septembre-octobre, période généralement peu propice aux grandes manifestations, on avait observé six journées nationales d’action consécutives d’une telle ampleur. Au soir du mercredi 19 octobre, François Fillon peut bien s’adonner à la méthode Coué en estimant que le mouvement social "plafonne, commence à s’essouffler ". Le pouvoir a l’art de se placer dans le déni de réalité.
– Au-delà des querelles de chiffres, que l’intersyndicale CGT-CFDT-CFTC-CFE/CGC-UNSA-FSU-Solidaires, rejointe par FO, ait réussi à faire défiler, trois jours après la précédente journée du 16 octobre, plusieurs millions de personnes à la veille du vote par le Sénat du projet de loi, au moment où tout paraît bouclé, montre que l’essoufflement n’est pas encore au rendez-vous. Certes, le taux de grévistes est en baisse à peu près partout et le secteur privé reste globalement à l’écart. Certes, le scénario des grèves reconductibles – auquel l’intersyndicale n’a jamais appelé – n’a pas pris, sauf là où on ne l’attendait pas, dans les raffineries. Mais dans un pays où le syndicalisme est faible en adhérents, la mobilisation est de très haut niveau.
– Jusqu’à présent, les syndicats ont réussi à préserver vaille que vaille, malgré d’évidentes divergences sur la réforme des retraites elle-même, une unité tout à fait inédite. Et surtout, ils bénéficient d’un soutien apparemment sans faille de l’opinion. Selon un sondage BVA-Absoluce pour Les Echos et France Info, publié mercredi 20 octobre, 59 % des Français se disent "favorables à ce que les syndicats poursuivent leurs appels à des mouvements de grève et à des manifestations après l’adoption du texte de la réforme des retraites par le Parlement". D’après un autre sondage Viavoice pour Libération, 65 % des personnes interrogées désapprouvent "la fermeté de Nicolas Sarkozy" face à la fronde.
Les syndicats peuvent toujours s’appuyer, six semaines après leur première journée de "rentrée" du 7 septembre, sur les deux carburants qui alimentent leur contestation : leur unité et l’adhésion de l’opinion.
– Mais la sortie de crise s’annonce délicate. Il y a huit jours, nombre de dirigeants syndicaux faisaient déjà du 19 octobre "la der des der", une sorte de baroud d’honneur avant le vote de la réforme. Mais l’entrée inattendue dans le mouvement des lycéens et le blocage reconductible des raffineries – où la fédération CGT de la chimie, opposée à Bernard Thibault, mène le bal en prenant soin d’organiser des votes à bulletins secrets – ont conduit, sur fond de rejet croissant de la politique de M. Sarkozy et du sentiment d’injustice qu’elle génère, à une radicalisation qui complique singulièrement la sortie.
– Le 19 octobre, M. Sarkozy a jugé que "le plus grand débordement serait de ne pas faire mon devoir et de ne pas prévoir le financement des retraites". Mais le chef de l’Etat n’a fait aucun geste à l’intention des syndicats, aucune ouverture de dialogue alors que Laurence Parisot, la présidente du Medef, tout en exprimant l’exaspération des entreprises, a souhaité que "le climat s’apaise le plus vite possible".
– L’intransigeance de M. Sarkozy, désireux de montrer sa fermeté, et même son inflexibilité, à son électorat et de faire passer, quel qu’en soit le prix politique, sa réforme, est perçue par les syndicats comme une forme de mépris et nourrit la radicalisation.
– Pour autant, le calendrier joue contre les syndicats. Le vote définitif de la réforme devrait intervenir au début de la semaine du 25 octobre, pendant les vacances de la Toussaint. Même si le gouvernement est rendu responsable du blocage des dépôts de carburant, une pénurie d’essence, si elle s’amplifie, risque d’être très vite impopulaire et difficile à tenir sur la durée. La fronde des lycéens, en congé à partir du 23 octobre, offre aux "casseurs" un terreau pour des actions violentes qui dénaturent le mouvement. En clair, le soutien de l’opinion pourrait commencer progressivement à s’effriter.
– Dans ce contexte, l’unité syndicale va-t-elle tenir ? L’intersyndicale se réunit jeudi 21 octobre pour discuter des "suites" du mouvement. Seul Bernard van Craeynest, le président de la CFE-CGC, a jeté l’éponge, souhaitant "une pause". Tout en invitant M. Sarkozy à être "raisonnable" et à négocier, M. Thibault envisage "d’autres initiatives".
– La FSU, Solidaires et même la CFTC récusent tout arrêt de la mobilisation. Et Jean-Claude Mailly, le secrétaire général de FO, affirme que le vote du Parlement ne mettra pas fin à la contestation syndicale.
Le précédent du contrat première embauche (CPE) est évoqué. En 2006, Jacques Chirac avait innové : il avait promulgué la loi sur le CPE en indiquant qu’elle ne serait pas appliquée. Il n’y a aucune chance pour que M. Sarkozy suive un tel exemple. M. Thibault, qui ne veut pas être débordé par ses "durs", pourrait proposer une journée d’action la semaine prochaine.
François Chérèque, comme l’UNSA, est réticent mais il est déterminé à déjouer les calculs de M. Sarkozy et à préserver jusqu’au bout son alliance avec la CGT. Une "der des der" pourrait être programmée, début novembre, juste avant la promulgation de la loi.
Courriel : noblecourt@lemonde.fr.
Michel Noblecourt (Editorialiste)
Article paru dans l’édition du 21.10.10
Blocages, barrages filtrants, manifestations : les actions de la journée
LEMONDE.FR avec AFP | 21.10.10 | 06h20 • Mis à jour le 21.10.10 | 16h47
Manifestation de lycéens jeudi matin à Marseille.
Raffineries, routes, lycées, services publics : voici un point de la situation jeudi 21 octobre à la mi-journée des grèves et autres actions contre le projet de réforme des retraites.
Raffineries et depôts pétroliers : Les douze raffineries de la métropole sont toujours bloquées. Il est toujours impossible d’accèder à la raffinerie Total de Grandpuits (Seine-et-Marne), malgré la réquisition du personnel. Entre 3 000 et 4 000 stations-service françaises sont toujours en attente d’approvisionnement, d’importantes difficultés persistant notamment en région parisienne, selon le gouvernement, qui ne comptait jeudi matin "plus que 14 dépôts" de carburants bloqués sur les 219 que compte la France. De nouveaux dépôts ont été bloqués jeudi matin: ceux de Vovray (Haute-Savoie), Brest (ensuite débloqué).
Gaz et électricité : Les deux principaux terminaux méthaniers, Fos-Tonkin (Bouches-du-Rhône) et Montoir-de-Bretagne (Loire-Atlantique), étaient encore arrêtés, le troisième fonctionnant à "débit minimum". Environ 300 personnes ont bloqué l’usine hydro-électrique EDF d’Ottmarsheim (Haut-Rhin) et l’écluse sur le canal Rhin-Rhône à proximité.
– SNCF: "Amélioration" du trafic, selon la SNCF, avec 3 TGV sur 4 en moyenne au départ ou à l’arrivée à Paris. Entre 13,3 % de grévistes (direction) et 24,6 % (CGT). La SNCF a signalé "des actions de blocage des circulations" en Ile-de-France, et dans "plusieurs régions et villes dont Chartres, Metz et Dunkerque". Des manifestants ont aussi envahi les voies à Poitiers (Vienne), Sète (Hérault), Alès (Gard), Narbonne (Aude), Angoulême (Charentes).
– Aéroports : L’accès à l’aéroport de Marseille-Provence, a été bloqué plusieurs heures jeudi matin.
– Transports urbains: des dépôts de bus ont été bloqués à Poitiers, Niort, Limoges, Tours. Les conducteurs de bus de Rennes ont reconduit la grève.
– Barrages filtrants ou d’opérations-escargot: Plusieurs barrages fixes ou filtrants ont été organisés près du Havre et de Rouen. A Strasbourg, une opération escargot a été menée sur l’autoroute A35 entre l’aéroport d’Entzheim et Strasbourg. A Limoges, des manifestants ont bloqué les trois ponts enjambant la Vienne, et à Lille, des militants ont installé un barrage filtrant au port fluvial. A Toulon, d’autres ont bloqué partiellement les accès de l’arsenal. Le pont de Pirmil à Nantes (Loire-Atlantique) a été bloqué par des étudiants et des lycéens.
– Ports : Environ 60 navires sont en attente dans la rade de Fos-sur-mer (Bouches-du-Rhône) et 25 dans celle de Marseille, selon les autorités portuaires.
– Education : Entre 312 (ministère de l’Education nationale) et 1 300 (syndicats lycéens) lycées étaient "perturbés". Des manifestations ont eu lieu dans la matinée dans plusieurs villes notamment à Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Brest, Rennes, Caen, Grenoble, Perpignan. Entre sept (ministère) et onze universités (Unef) étaient perturbées ou bloquées jeudi matin et 4 à 5 fermées administrativement.A Paris, le défilé des jeunes devait partir de Jussieu, près des universités, en début d’après-midi, pour rejoindre la place Denfert-Rochereau via la place d’Italie. De nouveaux affrontements ont eu lieu à Lyon entre des casseurs et les forces de l’ordre.
– Fonction publique : La grève se poursuivait dans plusieurs services des collectivités territoriales (crèches, cantines, ramassage d’ordures) : à Toulouse, les éboueurs bloquaient les dépôts. Ils sont aussi en grève à Nantes, Montpellier, Agen. Les agents du Centre hospitalier psychiatrique d’Agen ont voté la grève reconductible.
– Industries et commerces : Près de Bordeaux, des manifestants ont bloqué la plate-forme logistique de Carbon-Blanc qui approvisionne les supermarchés Auchan du sud-ouest. Au Luc (Var), d’autres paralysaient une centrale d’achats qui alimente de grandes enseignes de la région Paca. Une plateforme de transport et de logistique a également été bloquée près de Lille, ainsi que la principale zone industrielle d’Amiens.
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Francia, austerità, pensioni, lotte
Retraites : les Français ne désarment pas
LEMONDE.FR avec AFP | 19.10.10 | 06h51 • Mis à jour le 19.10.10 | 13h53
La tension est montée d’un cran lundi avec des stations-services à sec et des incidents lors de rassemblements lycéens.
– La tension est montée d’un cran lundi avec des stations-services à sec et des incidents lors de rassemblements lycéens.
– Avant le vote au Sénat du texte sur la réforme des retraites, désormais plutôt prévu jeudi soir que mercredi, une nouvelle journée de mobilisation a lieu mardi 19 octobre, la sixième depuis la rentrée. Les manifestations rassemblaient à la mi-journée 480 000 personnes d’après le ministère de l’intérieur, contre 500 000 le 12 octobre.
MOBILISATIONS ET PERTURBATIONS
– Les syndicalistes offensifs. Avant la manifestation dont le départ est prévu à 13h30 de la place d’Italie en direction des Invalides, François Chérèque, secrétaire général de la CFDT, a lancé "un appel au calme" et "à ne pas céder aux provocations", qu’elles viennent "de groupes de provocateurs ou de la police", mardi avant le départ de la manifestation parisienne. Bernard Thibault, secrétaire général de la CGT, a appelé le gouvernement à "entendre l’ampleur de cette protestation" contre la réforme des retraites et à accepter "des négociations avec les syndicats". La secrétaire générale de la FSU, Bernadette Groison, constatant que "la contestation s’amplifie", envisage une "nouvelle mobilisation nationale" contre la réforme des retraites qui, une fois votée au Sénat, "restera injuste".
– Mais le gouvernement campe sur ses positions. François Fillon a déclaré devant les députés UMP que "le mouvement commence à s’essouffler mais se radicalise". Le patron des députés UMP, Jean-François Copé, espère un vote définitif de la réforme des retraites par le Parlement "mardi [26] ou mercredi [27] ou en tout cas en milieu de semaine prochaine", après le vote du Sénat cette semaine et la réunion de la commission mixte paritaire Assemblée-Sénat "en début de semaine prochaine".
– Transports ferroviaires : 30,4 % des agents sont en grève. Selon la SNCF, plus d’un Transilien sur deux, un TER sur deux, un TGV sur deux et quatre trains Corail sur dix circulent. Le trafic est normal sur Eurostar.
– RATP : 9 % des personnels sont en grève. Le trafic est normal ou quasi normal sur les autres lignes de métro. On compte 1 rame sur 3 sur la ligne 3bis. Sur le RER (zone RATP), 2 trains sur 3 circulent sur la ligne A, l’interconnexion avec la SNCF à Nanterre-Préfecture est maintenue. Sur le RER B, 1 train sur 2 circulent, l’interconnexion avec la SNCF est suspendue à Gare du Nord. Dans les bus et sur les lignes de tramway, le trafic est quasi normal, annonce la RATP.
– Transports routiers : les routiers ont rejoint lundi le mouvement avec des barrages filtrants, des blocages de sites et des opérations-escargot organisés dans plusieurs régions, notamment à l’appel de la CFDT Transports. Le Centre national d’information routière (CNIR) fait état d’opérations-escargot ou de voies bloquées mardi dans les régions de Strasbourg, Brive, Biarritz, Sète et à La Souterraine, entre Limoges et Chateauroux. La CFDT Route annonce également des opérations-escargot sur l’autoroute vers Marseille et Niort et le blocage de la rocade d’Amiens et de la N44 à Reims.
– Aéroports : la Direction générale de l’aviation civile (DGAC) a demandé la réduction de 50 % du programme de vols à Orly et 30 % dans les autres aéroports métropolitains. A l’aéroport de Lyon, 112 vols ont été annulés, soit 31 % du trafic total. A Bordeaux, l’accès à l’aéroport a été coupé durant plus de deux heures dans la matinée par des manifestants de la CGT, FO, SUD, FSU et de la CNT. Ils ont mis fin à leur action sans intervention des forces de l’ordre.
– La fédération CGT des transports veut mobiliser les salariés des aéroports partout en France mercredi pour une journée de grève contre la réforme des retraites, a-t-elle indiqué mardi dans un communiqué.
– Poste et telecoms : le taux de grévistes est de 10,23 % selon la direction contre 16,53 % mardi dernier. SUD PTT annonce un taux de grévistes de près de 25 %, contre plus de 30 % il y a une semaine.
– Energie : la baisse de la production d’électricité liée aux mouvements sociaux représentait 5 200 mégawatts mardi matin, a annoncé la CGT, dont 3 000 MW dans le nucléaire.
– Les 12 raffineries du pays ont reconduit la grève. Onze sont à l’arrêt et la dernière, celle d’Exxon à Fos-sur-mer, près de Marseille, fonctionne partiellement au débit minimum. La grève continue également dans les terminaux pétroliers de Fos-Lavera. Les dépôts de Bassens, Toulouse, Brive, Portes-les-Valences, Nanterre, Ouistreham, Rubis et Genevilliers sont bloqués, a-t-on appris de sources syndicales et pétrolières.
Les chiffres sur la pénurie de carburant sont extrêmement flous. Sur les 12 500 stations-service que compte la France, au moins 2 750 sont en rupture de carburant (1 000 stations Total, 750 stations Intermarché, 1 000 stations d’indépendants), selon des sources officielles. Les régions les plus touchées par la pénurie de carburant sont la Normandie, les environs de Tours et du Mans, et le Sud-Ouest.
AFFRONTEMENTS ENTRE JEUNES ET FORCES DE L’ORDRE
– Le ministère de l’éducation nationale a annoncé que 379 lycées étaient perturbés. Selon la FIDL, plus de 1 200 lycées sont mobilisés et 850 bloqués.
– Douze des 83 universités ont voté la grève pour ce mardi, dont cinq avec des mesures de blocage, selon l’UNEF, premier syndicat étudiant. Le ministère fait état dans la matinée de quatre universités entièrement bloquées (Bordeaux-3, Paris-8, Pau et Rennes-2) et de deux partiellement (Caen et Tours), Lyon-2 étant fermée administrativement par la direction. De son côté, l’UNEF assure que dix universités étaient bloquées, six entièrement (Bordeaux-3, Clermont-2, La Havre, Montpellier-3, Paris-8 et Pau) et quatre partiellement (Caen, Orléans, Poitiers, Tours). De nouvelles assemblées générales sont prévues à la mi-journée.
– Les enseignants